composition and lighting

Deep focus- The whole of an image is in shot and everything looks sharp and clear e.g. Wide shot shows landscape in area

Shallow focus- camera focuses on one area so it looks sharp and clear but the background is blurry and unclear e.g. Camera focuses on weapon used for murder in mystery film

180 degrees rule- Rule that means for e.g. If Camera shows someone is going right if you then have a shot of them going left it takes immersion out of the film because that doesn't match up. Not a rule that is vital but if broken should be subtle

rule of thirds- The idea when you have in a frame. A grid with 9 equal blocks and 4 intersecting points. This way you can have more or less in the background and play around with the background also useful to match up a subjects eyes with grid. For e.g. if you put a subject in the centre it looks static but if you put more things above the centre it makes it look bigger and adds more detail to the shot

symmetry- Symmetry is used in film because it is very attractive to the eye. If you can put something in the centre and then have both sides be symmetrical it can do a number of things. It could create tension (like Stanley Kubrick), comedy (like Wes Anderson). It makes shots look great. One of the best examples of this is in the shining. When the boy is on his tricycle and the hotel doors are side to side and once he gets to the twins they are both standing side by side in matching dresses. This makes it look symmetrical because nothing is out of order.